![]() Noguchi, N., Will, J., Reid, J., Zhang, Q.: Development of a master-slave robot system for farm operations. Van Henten, E.J., Bac, C., Hemming, J., Edan, Y.: Robotics in protected cultivation. Ratsamee, P., Mae, Y., Kamiyama, K., Horade, M., Kojima, M., Arai, T.: Social interactive robot navigation based onhuman intention analysis from face orientation and human path prediction. Lefteris, B., Avital, B., Dionysis, B.: Safety and ergonomics in human-robot interactive agricultural operations. Kruse, T., Pandey, A., Alami, R., Kirsch, A.: Human-aware robot navigation: a survey. Weitschat, R., Vogel, J., Lantermann, S., Hoppner, H.: End effector airbags to accelerate human-robot collaboration. Hirzinger, G., Albu-Schäffer, A., Hähnle, M., Schaefer, I., Sporer, N.: On a new generation of torque controlled light-weight robots. ISO TS 15066:2016 Robots and robotic devices-collaborative robots. ISO 13482:2014 Robots and robotic devices-safety requirements for personal care robots. Robots and robotic devices-safety requirements for industrial robots-Part 1: robots, ISO 10218–1, ISO, Geneva, Switzerland (2011) ISO 3691–4:2020 Industrial trucks-safety requirements and verification-Part 4: driverless industrial trucks and their systems. ISO 9001 Quality management systems-requirements. ISO 25119–2:2019 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry-safety-related parts of control systems-Part 2: concept phase. Kogler, R., Quendler, E., Boxberger, J.: Analysis of occupational accidents with agricultural machinery in the period 2008–2010 in Austria. Rübcke, F., Clausen, F., Heise, H.: Autonomous field robots in agriculture: a quantitative analysis of user acceptance according to different agricultural machinery companies. National Farmer’s Union, United Kingdom (2021). NFU: Written evidence submitted by NFU (LS0045). To complement are addressed the gaps and possible specifications that need to be clarified in future standards, taking into consideration the human-machine safety requirements for agricultural autonomous mobile robots. This paper presents a global overview about state of the art methods implemented in the agricultural environment that ensure human-robot collaboration according to recognised industry standards. A well-known solution to this problem is the implementation of real-time collision avoidance systems. The interaction between humans and robots presents some challenges to ensure a certifiable safe collaboration between human-robot, a reliable system that does not damage goods and plants, in a context where the environment is mostly dynamic, due to the constant environment changes. To produce more food and tackle the labor scarcity, agriculture needs safer robots for repetitive and unsafe tasks (such as spraying).
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